SIU Director’s Report - Case # 22-OCI-318

Warning:

This page contains graphic content that can shock, offend and upset.

Mandate of the SIU

The Special Investigations Unit is a civilian law enforcement agency that investigates incidents involving an official where there has been death, serious injury, the discharge of a firearm at a person or an allegation of sexual assault. Under the Special Investigations Unit Act, 2019 (SIU Act), officials are defined as police officers, special constables of the Niagara Parks Commission and peace officers under the Legislative Assembly Act. The SIU’s jurisdiction covers more than 50 municipal, regional and provincial police services across Ontario.

Under the SIU Act, the Director of the SIU must determine based on the evidence gathered in an investigation whether there are reasonable grounds to believe that a criminal offence was committed. If such grounds exist, the Director has the authority to lay a criminal charge against the official. Alternatively, in cases where no reasonable grounds exist, the Director cannot lay charges. Where no charges are laid, a report of the investigation is prepared and released publicly, except in the case of reports dealing with allegations of sexual assault, in which case the SIU Director may consult with the affected person and exercise a discretion to not publicly release the report having regard to the affected person’s privacy interests.

Information Restrictions

Special Investigations Unit Act, 2019

Pursuant to section 34, certain information may not be included in this report. This information may include, but is not limited to, the following: 
  • The name of, and any information identifying, a subject official, witness official, civilian witness or affected person. 
  • Information that may result in the identity of a person who reported that they were sexually assaulted being revealed in connection with the sexual assault. 
  • Information that, in the opinion of the SIU Director, could lead to a risk of serious harm to a person. 
  • Information that discloses investigative techniques or procedures.  
  • Information, the release of which is prohibited or restricted by law.  
  • Information in which a person’s privacy interest in not having the information published clearly outweighs the public interest in having the information published. 

Freedom of Information and Protection of Privacy Act

Pursuant to section 14 (i.e., law enforcement), certain information may not be included in this report. This information may include, but is not limited to, the following: 
  • Confidential investigative techniques and procedures used by law enforcement agencies; and 
  • Information that could reasonably be expected to interfere with a law enforcement matter or an investigation undertaken with a view to a law enforcement proceeding. 
Pursuant to section 21 (i.e., personal privacy), protected personal information is not included in this report. This information may include, but is not limited to, the following: 
  • The names of persons, including civilian witnesses, and subject and witness officials; 
  • Location information; 
  • Witness statements and evidence gathered in the course of the investigation provided to the SIU in confidence; and 
  • Other identifiers which are likely to reveal personal information about individuals involved in the investigation. 

Personal Health Information Protection Act, 2004

Pursuant to this legislation, any information related to the personal health of identifiable individuals is not included.

Other proceedings, processes, and investigations

Information may also have been excluded from this report because its release could undermine the integrity of other proceedings involving the same incident, such as criminal proceedings, coroner’s inquests, other public proceedings and/or other law enforcement investigations.

Mandate Engaged

Pursuant to section 15 of the SIU Act, the SIU may investigate the conduct of officials, be they police officers, special constables of the Niagara Parks Commission or peace officers under the Legislative Assembly Act, that may have resulted in death, serious injury, sexual assault or the discharge of a firearm at a person.

A person sustains a “serious injury” for purposes of the SIU’s jurisdiction if they: sustain an injury as a result of which they are admitted to hospital; suffer a fracture to the skull, or to a limb, rib or vertebra; suffer burns to a significant proportion of their body; lose any portion of their body; or, as a result of an injury, experience a loss of vision or hearing.

In addition, a “serious injury” means any other injury sustained by a person that is likely to interfere with the person’s health or comfort and is not transient or trifling in nature.

This report relates to the SIU’s investigation into the serious injury of a 23-year-old man (the “Complainant”).

The Investigation

Notification of the SIU [1]

On December 16, 2022, at 8:00 p.m., the Owen Sound Police Service (OSPS) notified the SIU of an injury sustained by the Complainant.

According to the OSPS, on December 16, 2022, at 4:00 a.m., the Subject Official (SO), while on patrol, observed the Complainant in an alleyway in the downtown area of Owen Sound. The SO recognized the Complainant from previous occurrences and arrested him for a curfew violation. There was a struggle during the arrest in which the Complainant tried to choke the SO. With the assistance of Witness Official (WO) #1, the Complainant was eventually subdued and taken into custody. The Complainant was initially incarcerated in a cell at the OSPS; however, he complained of a facial injury and was taken to the Grey Bruce Health Services-Owen Sound (GBHS-OS) where he was diagnosed with a fractured orbital bone. On discharge from the hospital, the Complainant was remanded to the Central North Correctional Centre. Arrangements were to be made for the Complainant to be sent to London or Kitchener for surgery.

The Team

Date and time team dispatched: 12/19/2022 at 7:12 a.m.

Date and time SIU arrived on scene: 12/19/2022 at 7:42 a.m.

Number of SIU Investigators assigned: 3
Number of SIU Forensic Investigators assigned: 0
 

Affected Person (aka “Complainant”):

23-year-old male; interviewed; medical records received and reviewed

The Complainant was interviewed on December 20, 2022.


Subject Official

SO Declined interview, as is the subject official’s legal right; notes received and reviewed
.

Witness Officials

WO #1 Interviewed
WO #2 Not interviewed; notes received and reviewed
WO #3 Not interviewed; notes received and reviewed
WO #4 Not interviewed; notes received and reviewed

The witness official was interviewed on December 20, 2022.


Evidence

The Scene

The events in question occurred in an alleyway at the rear of a business on 3rd Avenue East in Owen Sound.

Video/Audio/Photographic Evidence [2]

The SIU searched for and obtained surveillance video from a local business. Booking and cell video was obtained from OSPS, as well as communications recordings.

Surveillance Video Footage – Business

Surveillance video was obtained from a local business. The business had a second-floor video camera, which afforded a view of the alleyway at the rear facing in a southerly direction. Six videos were collected by the SIU, which ran chronologically from 4:17:01 a.m. to 4:29:30 a.m., December 16, 2022.

Video 1 ran from 4:17 a.m. to 4:19 a.m. The view of the camera showed lighting at the rear of the business but the commercial premises to the south of the business were in the dark. The incident under investigation occurred in the dark. There were numerous large puddles in the area.

At 4:17 a.m., the dark movement of a body was seen to run into the alley. The initial movement was followed by the movement of someone chasing the first person. Both bodies fell forward to the ground and puddles. Nothing could be seen except reflective light on the puddles, suggesting there was movement on the ground.

At 4:19 a.m., the headlights of a fully marked police SUV drove into the alley. The headlights momentarily showed two bodies struggling on the ground. At the same time, a second police SUV with emergency lights activated entered a parking lot and travelled across the south lot to the fence at the side of the alleyway.

Video 2 ran from 4:19 a.m. to 4:21 a.m. A police officer wearing a yellow reflective jacket exited the first SUV and walked around the back to the side where the bodies were on the ground.

At 4:19 a.m., a second police officer, also wearing a reflective yellow jacket, approached on foot from the SUV on the lot. The reflective light on the puddle was the only indication that there was movement on the ground.

At 4:19 a.m., someone was lifted off the ground and there was movement. Someone was eventually seen to stand and face the police SUV, as they were searched.

Both video 3 and video 4 could not be played.

Video 5 ran from 4:26 a.m. to 4:28 a.m. and depicted police officers standing around outside the rear passenger door of the SUV.

Video 6 ran from 4:28 a.m., and still captured police officers standing around the back of the SUV, and the movement of their flashlights and the yellow jackets. The SUV left the alley southbound at 4:29:30 a.m.

Communications Recordings

On December 16, 2022, at 4:06 a.m., the SO was captured on radio requesting assistance, broadcasting a location that was indecipherable. WO #1, WO #2 and WO #3 advised they would respond. All police officers were in separate units. WO #1 was the first officer to arrive and assist.

At 4:07 a.m., the SO advised that he had one person in custody.

At 4:18 a.m., WO #3 advised that he was transporting the arrested person, the Complainant, to the police station.

At 4:21 a.m., WO #3 advised he was off at the police station.

Booking and Cell Video

The sally port footage started at 4:19 a.m., December 16, 2022. There was no time stamp on the video recordings but there was a timer.

At 4:22 a.m., the Complainant was captured being led out the rear passenger door of a police vehicle by two police officers wearing yellow fluorescent jackets [known to be WO #2 and WO #3]. Two other police officers [known to be the SO and WO #1] entered the garage. The Complainant was led to a door, which accessed the booking area. The Complainant was searched by WO #1 and the SO. WO #4 was present; however, there was no audio component and any conversation was inaudible.

At 4:32 a.m., the Complainant was placed in a cell without incident.

Materials Obtained from Police Service

Upon request, the SIU received the following materials from the OSPS between December 19 and December 20, 2022:
  • Arrest Procedure;
  • Cell video;
  • Communications recordings;
  • Notes - WO #4;
  • The Complainant – Bail brief;
  • The Complainant – booking photo;
  • The Complainant – CPIC record;
  • Occurrence Report;
  • Notes – WO #2;
  • Notes – WO #3;
  • Notes – WO #1;
  • Prisoner Log;
  • Use of Force Procedure;
  • Computer-assisted Dispatch Details
  • Crown Brief Synopsis;
  • Prisoner Property Log;
  • Will State-the SO; and
  • Notes-the SO.

Materials Obtained from Other Sources

The SIU obtained and reviewed the following records from other sources:
  • The Complainant’s medical records from GBHS-OS; and
  • Surveillance video from a local business.

Incident Narrative

The evidence collected by the SIU, including interviews with the Complainant and officers who were active in his arrest, gives rise to the following scenario. As was his legal right, the SO declined an interview with the SIU. He did authorize the release of his notes.

Shortly after 4:00 a.m. of December 16, 2022, the Complainant was walking in the downtown area of Owen Sound when he was confronted by an officer. Advised that he was under arrest for being in violation of a release order curfew condition, the Complainant ignored the officer and walked away. When the officer physically engaged him, the Complainant attempted to pull away.

The officer was the SO. The SO was on patrol at the time when he came across the Complainant, who was known to him. Aware of the curfew condition, the officer decided to take the Complainant into custody. As the two struggled, the SO punched the Complainant two to three times in the face. With the assistance of another officer arriving at the scene in response to the SO’s request for help – WO #1 – the Complainant was forced to the ground where the struggle persisted for a further short period. WO #1 delivered several knee strikes, after which the officers handcuffed the Complainant behind the back.

The Complainant was transported to the police station and then to hospital where he was diagnosed with a fractured right orbital bone.

Relevant Legislation

Section 25(1), Criminal Code -- Protection of persons acting under authority

25 (1) Every one who is required or authorized by law to do anything in the administration or enforcement of the law
(a) as a private person,
(b) as a peace officer or public officer,
(c) in aid of a peace officer or public officer, or
(d) by virtue of his office,
is, if he acts on reasonable grounds, justified in doing what he is required or authorized to do and in using as much force as is necessary for that purpose.

Analysis and Director's Decision

The Complainant was seriously injured in the course of his arrest by OSPS officers on December 16, 2022. One of the officers – the SO– was identified as the subject official in the ensuing SIU investigation. The investigation is now concluded. On my assessment of the evidence, there are no reasonable grounds to believe that the SO committed a criminal offence in connection with the Complainant’s arrest and injury.

Pursuant to section 25(1) of the Criminal Code, police officers are immune from criminal liability for force used in the course of their duties provided such force was reasonably necessary in the execution of an act that they were required or authorized to do by law.

The Complainant was in violation of a release order that required him to be home at the time of the events in question. As such, he was subject to lawful arrest at the hands of the SO and WO #1.

The Complainant physically resisted his arrest and was met with what, in my view, was reasonably necessary force. The punches delivered by the SO seem a proportionate escalation in the nature and extent of force used by the officer, following as they did an interval of struggle during which the officer was unable to wrestle the Complainant into submission. The takedown was justified for essentially the same reasons – with him on the ground, the officers could expect to better manage any continuing resistance on the part of the Complainant. In fact, the Complainant continued to resist arrest by refusing to release his arms and was met with several knee strikes delivered by WO #1, after which the officers were able to wrest control of his arms and secure them in handcuffs. The knee strikes appear to have been a measured and direct response to the Complainant’s struggle, and fell within the range of what was reasonable force in the circumstances.

In the result, while I accept that the Complainant’s injury was incurred in the course of the altercation that marked his arrest, there are no reasonable grounds to believe that it was the result of any unlawful conduct on the part of either the SO or WO #1. Accordingly, there is no basis for proceeding with criminal charges in this case. The file is closed.


Date: April 14, 2023

Electronically approved by

Joseph Martino
Director
Special Investigations Unit

Endnotes

  • 1) The information in this section reflects the information received by the SIU at the time of notification and does not necessarily reflect the SIU’s finding of facts following its investigation. [Back to text]
  • 2) The following records contain sensitive personal information and are not being released pursuant to section 34(2) of the Special Investigations Unit Act, 2019. The material portions of the records are summarized below. [Back to text]

Note:

The signed English original report is authoritative, and any discrepancy between that report and the French and English online versions should be resolved in favour of the original English report.